Visitor Circulation and Spatial Legibility in Regional Libraries: A Comparative Study of Semarang, Surakarta, and the Special Region of Yogyakarta
Keywords:
Circulation pattern, D.K. Ching, Public space, Regional library, Visitor circulationAbstract
Regional libraries, as educational public spaces, require circulation systems that support spatial legibility, efficient movement, and user comfort. This study compares visitor circulation in regional libraries in Semarang, Surakarta, and the Special Region of Yogyakarta using D. K. Ching’s architectural circulation framework. A qualitative descriptive and comparative approach combined field observation, visual documentation, and literature review. Observations were conducted between 10:00 and 14:00 Western Indonesian Time and involved approximately five to seven visitors. The analysis considered entrances, primary and secondary routes, and spatial circulation patterns. The three cases exhibit predominantly linear, centralized radial, and loop or network configurations, respectively. The visual analysis suggests that clear access, differentiated routes, and appropriately located circulation nodes may support spatial legibility and distribute movement more evenly. Given the limited observational scope, these findings should be interpreted as case-based spatial assessments rather than measured differences in user comfort. The study offers design considerations for improving circulation in regional libraries.
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