Perancangan Mal dan Apartemen dengan Pendekatan Konsep Green Building di Kota Makassar
Keywords:
Kota Makassar, Apartemen, Green Building, Mal, Bangunan Ramah LingkunganAbstract
ABSTRAK
Pertumbuhan populasi di Kota Makassar yang mencapai 1,4 juta jiwa pada tahun 2020 menghadirkan tantangan dalam pengelolaan ruang kota, khususnya penyediaan hunian dan fasilitas publik yang ramah lingkungan. Studi ini bertujuan merancang bangunan multifungsi yang mengintegrasikan apartemen dan mal menggunakan konsep Green Building, yang tidak hanya efisien dalam penggunaan lahan tetapi juga mendukung keberlanjutan lingkungan. Metodologi penelitian mencakup observasi langsung di lokasi Jalan Aroepala, Makassar, serta studi literatur terkait prinsip Green Building. Analisis meliputi orientasi matahari, arah angin, tingkat kebisingan, dan aksesibilitas tapak. Fungsi bangunan dirancang dengan zonasi ruang yang jelas dan integrasi teknologi hemat energi serta material ramah lingkungan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa penerapan Green Building mampu meningkatkan efisiensi energi, memaksimalkan pencahayaan dan ventilasi alami, serta mengurangi jejak karbon. Desain ini juga menyediakan ruang multifungsi dengan zonasi yang efektif, di mana apartemen memberikan kenyamanan hunian dan mal berfungsi sebagai pusat sosial serta ekonomi. Taman vertikal dan elemen fasad hijau tidak hanya meningkatkan estetika tetapi juga mendukung ekosistem lokal. Desain ini menjadi solusi nyata untuk memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat urban sambil meminimalkan dampak lingkungan. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi penting terhadap literatur Green Building dengan menawarkan model desain yang relevan untuk kawasan urban dengan keterbatasan lahan. Implikasi dari temuan ini mencakup peningkatan kualitas hidup masyarakat dan pengurangan dampak perubahan iklim. Studi ini juga membuka peluang untuk riset lebih lanjut terkait evaluasi kinerja desain setelah implementasi.
ABSTRACT
The population growth in Makassar City, reaching 1.4 million in 2020, presents challenges in urban space management, particularly in providing environmentally friendly housing and public facilities. This study aims to design a multifunctional building integrating apartments and malls using the Green Building concept, which not only optimizes land use but also supports environmental sustainability. The research methodology includes direct observations at the Jalan Aroepala site in Makassar and a literature review on Green Building principles. The analysis covers sun orientation, wind direction, noise levels, and site accessibility. Building functions are designed with clear space zoning and the integration of energy-efficient technologies and environmentally friendly materials. The findings reveal that applying Green Building principles enhances energy efficiency, maximizes natural lighting and ventilation, and reduces the carbon footprint. The design also provides multifunctional spaces with effective zoning, where apartments offer comfortable living and the mall serves as a social and economic hub. Vertical gardens and green facade elements not only improve aesthetics but also support the local ecosystem. This design presents a practical solution to meet urban societal needs while minimizing environmental impact. This study makes a significant contribution to Green Building literature by proposing a relevant design model for urban areas with limited land availability. The implications include improved community quality of life and reduced climate change impacts. Furthermore, the findings open opportunities for further research on evaluating the performance of the design post-implementation.
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