Perancangan Museum Gempa Bumi Berbasis Mitigasi Bencana dengan Pendekatan Smart Building di Kota Palu
Keywords:
Disaster Mitigation, Smart Building Architecture, Earthquake Museum, Palu City, Seismic-Resistant StructureAbstract
ABSTRAK
Kota Palu merupakan wilayah dengan tingkat kerawanan bencana geologis tinggi, seperti gempa bumi, tsunami, dan likuifaksi. Peristiwa tragis gempa pada 28 September 2018 mengakibatkan ribuan korban jiwa dan kerusakan infrastruktur secara masif. Menanggapi hal ini, diperlukan sarana edukatif sekaligus evakuatif yang mampu meningkatkan kesadaran mitigasi bencana masyarakat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah merancang Museum Gempa Bumi berbasis mitigasi bencana dengan pendekatan arsitektur smart building di Kota Palu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif melalui tahapan analisis data lapangan, studi literatur, serta simulasi desain digital. Lokasi museum ditentukan berdasarkan zonasi rawan bencana, dengan mempertimbangkan aksesibilitas dan keamanan tapak. Hasil desain menunjukkan integrasi teknologi struktur isolasi seismik untuk meningkatkan ketahanan gempa serta penerapan prinsip smart building seperti efisiensi energi, kenyamanan termal, fleksibilitas ruang, dan sistem evakuasi darurat otomatis. Kesimpulannya, pendekatan ini menghasilkan bangunan tangguh, adaptif, dan edukatif yang tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai ruang pamer, tetapi juga sebagai pusat evakuasi dan edukasi kebencanaan. Implikasi dari penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi terhadap pengembangan arsitektur tanggap bencana yang relevan diterapkan di wilayah rawan gempa lainnya.
ABSTRACT
Palu City is highly vulnerable to geological disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and liquefaction. The devastating earthquake on September 28, 2018, caused thousands of fatalities and massive infrastructure damage. In response, there is an urgent need for educational and evacuation facilities that promote public disaster mitigation awareness. This study aims to design an Earthquake Museum based on disaster mitigation using a smart building architectural approach in Palu. A qualitative descriptive method was employed, involving field data analysis, literature studies, and digital design simulations. The museum site was selected based on disaster zoning maps, emphasizing accessibility and site safety. The design integrates seismic isolation structural technology to enhance earthquake resistance, alongside smart building principles such as energy efficiency, thermal comfort, space flexibility, and automated emergency systems. The results demonstrate a resilient, adaptive, and educational facility that functions not only as an exhibition space but also as a disaster education and temporary evacuation center. This research implies significant contributions to disaster-responsive architecture development, particularly applicable to other earthquake-prone regions.
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